二百六十一[1]
二百六十二[2]
吳芾《湖山集》十卷。《四庫提要》稱明可詩「瀾翻泉湧,出奇無窮」云云,過情失實。筆雖暢通,而意淺句率,真所謂「惡語雖多漫盈牘」者也(〈又和謝良輔惠箭筍〉結句,見卷四)。舍卷四〈哭元帥宗公澤〉一長古外,無可采。此詩以「嗚呼哀哉元帥公」及「嗚呼哀哉公死矣」二句反覆錯落,為篇中脈絡,極流動唱歎之致。
二百六十三[3]
張雲璈《簡松草堂詩集》二十卷。仲雅以趙甌北〈浙二子歌〉見《甌北詩集》卷三十五聞名,詞華勝於程春廬,而風格較卑。【程春廬佚事見《冷廬雜識》卷二。】浮靡之調,參以餖飣之詞,蓋以隨園伎倆運使浙派家當,取法既下,心思亦膚。然春廬詩力洗袁、趙習氣,《密齋詩集》舍卷一以〈拜袁揖趙哭蔣圖〉事作七古之外,只字不及三家,《文集》中為〈方長青山靜居詩集序〉,且影射隨園性靈之說而詆訶之,僅言悟詩法於長青。《樵隱昔寱》卷十歎後生學子得志後,率惡人追話其未遇時受人獎借,良有以也。「簡」、「松」二字來歷,衹於甌北〈序〉中一見,此外梁諫庵、馬秋藥、姚春木等五、六人或作序或題詞,均不肯道。黃士珣題長歌,僅以《搜神記》銓之。而仲雅詩中於袁、趙拳拳服膺,卷十六〈聽人論袁簡齋先生詩文退而成篇〉一七古,一生一死,尤見交情【參觀方濬師《蕉軒隨錄》卷五記王述菴於簡齋】。豈春廬通籍成進士,而仲雅老於公車,一則自負毛羽已豐,一則攸賴齒牙相借耶?
趙甌北〈序〉:「仲雅曰:『《搜神記》云:「偓佺好食松實。松者,簡松也,服者三百歲。」然某意不在是。某生平酷嗜袁子才及先生之詩,袁號『簡齋』,先生字『雲松』,合二公字號,適符此松名,遂以顏吾齋,聊志景附之意焉。』今試以吾二人詩論之:簡齋才思英鷙,其下筆之妙,幾於天仙化人飛行絕跡,而率意處不免天吳紫鳳顛倒短裋;余則僅用意使典,有一日之長,而費經營、勞鍛鍊,天分已不及簡齋。」按《甌北集》中未存散文,故摘之,亦資談藝。
卷一〈春寒即事〉:「護來畫閣香初凝,戀盡重衾夢却無。」
卷六〈相見詞〉:「初見何窈窕,再見猶婉孿。三見恐人老,不如不相見。二」「今年見一面,明年見一面。三萬六千日,只得百回見。三」「見多情易厭,見少情易變。但得長相思,便是長相見。四[4]」按王次回〈舊事〉則云:「一回經眼一回妍,數見何須慮不鮮。」【孫子瀟《天真閣集》卷十二〈結交行〉:「不見易相思,習見易生厭。任爾同心人,一歲何堪三四見?」云云。】【曹鄴〈棄婦〉:「見多自成醜,不待顏色衰。」】
卷七〈題羅兩峯鬼趣圖〉,按分詠七古八章,自言仿蔣心餘例也。楊伯夔《真松閣詞》有題此圖〈古梅曲〉、〈隴頭月〉、〈滿江紅〉等八闋,每闋有小序,刻劃尤詳(《清名家詞》第八冊)。謝枚如《賭棋山莊詞話續編》卷三亦載之,又《詞話前編》卷一謂仲雅有〈十無詞〉無書、無米、無官、無知己、無佳山水、無花、無錢、無盛宴、故鄉無屋、家書無好音,皆〈臺城路〉。按見《三影閣箏語》卷二。【《䜱䜪亭後集》卷三〈眉石老姪寄我六無詩賦此解嘲〉(無車、無米、無裘、無廬、無藥、無醫[5])。】【韓程愈《白松樓集略》卷五〈和魏惟度十二有十二無詩〉;梅曾亮《柏梘山房詩續集》卷一〈六無歎〉。】【方文《嵞山全集》卷五〈窮冬六詠〉(無酒、無米、無油、無鹽、無炭、無薪)。】【郭頻伽《靈芬館詩三集》卷三〈兩峯山人鬼趣圖并序〉亦甚贍核(又《樗園銷夏錄》卷中記諸圖中情事)。錢湄壽《潛堂詩集》卷九〈羅兩峯山人鬼趣圖諸名士題詠殆徧余未之見也頃讀鐵雲又所題八首奇峭有別趣戲作短歌〉(八首)。王嵩高《小樓詩集‧羅兩峯畫鬼趣圖》七古(《晚晴簃詩滙》71)。張船山《詩草》卷十一有〈戲題羅兩峯鬼趣圖〉七律八首,每首有小序,卷十五〈題羅兩峯墨幻圖〉自注:「鬼鬥也」,〈墨戲圖〉自注:「鬼演戲也」七古各一首。舒鐵雲《缾水齋集》卷十六有〈題羅兩峯鬼趣圖〉七古八首,每首有小序,與船山、伯夔大同小異(第一幅舒云:「一鬼碩腹,一鬼半身」;張云:「黑氣籠二鬼,隱約見頭面,肩已下不可辨。」第一幅舒云:「背仰兩骷髏」;張云:「骷髏二具,皆人立,一倚石外向,一據石內向。」)郭頻伽與張略同,與舒異,如第一云:「淡墨黯昧,隱隱有面目肢體,諦視始可辨。」第八云:「楓林古冢,兩髑髏齒齒對語。」《樗園銷夏錄》卷中云:「第一幅模糊黯淡中略有鬼形,第八幅兩髑髏背坐。」】【《連雅堂詩集》卷二十一〈羅兩峯畫鬼趣圖八幅題者殆徧無分詠者乃各賦一章〉。】【《子不語》卷十四記兩峯說「鬼怕冷淡」,「鬼避人如人之避烟。」《螢窗異草‧三編》卷四:「鬼無頦。」】【《閱微草堂筆記》卷二載兩峯論鬼,又曰:「所畫有《鬼趣圖》,頗疑其以意造作,中有一鬼,首大於身幾十倍,尤似幻妄。」】【黎簡《五百四峯堂詩鈔》卷十八〈陳湘舟挽歌七首‧之一〉自注:「陳三嘗作〈遊鬼詞〉數十首,語皆奇絕。」】【《諧鐸》地獄十景詩。】【《平妖傳》有酆淨眼,Arnim, Die Majoratsherren 中主角有 “die Gabe des
zweiten Augenpaares”,所寫即「淨眼」也 (W. Kayser, Das
Groteske, S. 89)。】【參觀第百七十三則。】
卷十〈湖上喜晤簡齋先生因成長篇〉,卷十一〈謁趙耘菘觀察歸後復展甌北集快讀之走筆為長歌奉簡〉(結云:「自合同好五體投,長揖向公毋乃倨」,為春廬圖而發。甌北〈浙二子歌〉云:「顧我豈當一揖重,對君我欲五體投」,即借仲雅語答春廬耳)。
卷十六〈聽人論袁簡齋先生詩文退而成篇〉:「我昨廣坐逢羣公,笑談四起生辨鋒。縱言至於小倉山房集,毀譽不肯相為同。譽者謂其言語妙天下,往往嘻嘲雜怒罵。輕俗何妨長慶同,風華自是西崑亞。毀者謂其類俳優,衝口率臆無時休。(節二句)或言其氣太宕逸,或言其文無紀律。或言可發不可收,或言知疏不知密。大都譽者阿,毀者謾,譽者不敵毀者半。傍有下士傾耳聽,不覺臨風動長嘆。(中略)先生有才在善用,如將將兵偏以眾。(中略)生龍活虎在人間,幾個能擒復能縱?揚之起則起,按之伏則伏。引之舒則舒,蓄之縮則縮。疾徐高下隨所欲,生來不屑繩尺持。看去方知規矩熟,世人不識用筆精。毛舉細故供譏評,今我讀此心為平。瑕瑜不掩留菁英,汰其四者存其六。此集自占千秋名,吁嗟乎,先生之名自不朽,先生之死惜不久。聲稱難愜眾人心,公論終憑後世口。李杜韓蘇在昔時,也復由人說好醜。」
二百六十四[7]
Sidney Painter, French Chivalry. 羅羅清疏,殊見剪裁。
P. 116: “Was Ovid writing a serious
textbook on seduction or a comic piece which might have been
entitled ‘See what trouble men will take for wenches’? At any rate, he was not
writing of courtly love.” 按參觀 Edgar Saltus, Historia
Amoris, Pt. I, c. ix: “Ovid’s ‘Art of Love’ better entitled the ‘Art of not
Loving at all’” (p. 100),其語更妙。Havelock Ellis, Studies
in the Psychology of Sex, VII, p. 514-5: “With humanism & the
Renaissance & the consequent realization that Christianity had overlooked
one side of life, Ovid’s Ars Amatoria
was placed on a pedestal it had not occupied before or since” etc.,蓋不知 Chrétien de
Troyes 早於十二世紀譯此詩,一時作者奉為鴻寶也 (Painter, p. 115),更不知文藝復興與中世紀皆尊此詩,而所見適反也 (Painter, p. 116: “”His love was practical &
sensual — it brought fun but not virtue. The Middle Ages intentionally ignored
the tenor of his work” etc.。又參觀 Jessie Grosland: “Ovid’s Contribution to the
Conception of Love Known as ‘L’amour courtois’”, Modern Language Review, April, 1947)。同源異流,非師古而託古。參觀第四十六則。
P. 121 引 Andreas
Copellanus, De Amore 謂夫婦間不能有愛 (Dicimus enim et stabilito tenore firmamus, amorem non posse suas inter
duos iugales extendere vires),其理即 Goethe, Die
Wahlverwandtschaften, Erster Theil, Kap. 8: “Ihre ersten Heiraten... waren
doch so eigentlich rechte Heiraten von der verhassten Art[8];
und leider haben überhaupt die Heiraten... etwas Tölpelhaftes: sie verderben
die zartesten Verhältnisse” (Werke,
hrsg. Karl Alt, Bd. VIII, S. 62) 後半之意。前半已發 J.B.
Cabell, Jurgen, ch. 38: “I shall
marry in haste, & repeat at leisure”。
P. 159 引 Andreas
Copellanus: “Love is harmful to a man’s body” etc. 按即
Virgil, Georg., IV, 198 稱蜜蜂 “Quod neque
concubitu indulgent nec corpora segnes in Venerem solvent” (“The Loeb Classical
Library”, tr. H.R. Fairclough, I, p. 210) 之旨也。
Pp. 163-4 引 Aucassin et Nicolette: “What have I to do with Paradise? ... Into
Paradise go none but... the aged priest, the old cripple, the maimed, etc....
But to Hell I will go, for to Hell go the fair clerks & the handsome
knights, lovely courtly ladies who have two or three lovers beside their
husbands” etc. 按參觀第七二四則論《太平廣記》卷一○二〈趙文信〉。又 p. 165 引 Andreas
Copellanus, De Amore: “The ladies who
had refused to love, the chaste wives & virgin maidens were condemned to a
hot, dry region fully exposed to the burning rays of the sun. There they
reposed on seats made of thorn-covered rods. A group of men assigned to the
task kept the rods continually moving back & forth so that the ladies could
feel the full effect of the thorns”。按 Ariosto, Orlando
Furioso, XXXIV, st. 11 et seq. 記
Astolfo 入地獄,見女人生前守貞不苟者,皆受烟燻之苦:“E cominciò: ‘Signor, Lidia sono io, / Del re di
Lidia in grande altezza nata, / Qui dal giudicio altissimo di Dio / Al fumo
eternamente condannata, / Per esser stata al fido amante mio, / Mentre io
vissi, spiacevole ed ingrate: / D’altre infinite è questa grotta piena, / Poste
per simil fallo in simil pena’” (Ed. Ulrico Hoepli, p. 369),蓋有所承也。Tasso, Aminta, I, i (ed.
Ernest Grillo, p. 68; Poesie, ed. F.
Flora, . 261) 即引 Ariosto 此節,而申之曰:“E dritto è ben, ch' il fumo / Tragga mai sempre il
pianto da quegli occhi / Onde trarlo giammai / Non potè la pietate”。
二百六十五[9]
裘萬頃《竹齋詩集》三卷、《附錄》一卷。朱竹垞、宋牧仲等〈序〉,皆以元量為江西人而不作江西派詩為言,其說蓋本之賀黃公。《圍鑪詩話》卷五引黃公稱元量〈雨後〉、〈出門〉二首曰:「生於豫章,略不沾其惡習,可敬也」云云。不知南宋中葉以後,章貢間作者每不樂土風,誠齋、白石是其顯例。元量詞致疏爽,非江西之襞襀。與高菊磵、宋伯仁等倡和,已是江湖體,而仍有江西句法也。陳元晉《漁墅類稿》卷五〈跋裘元量竹齋漫存詩〉:「某生晚,不及見竹齋裘公,嘗見章泉老先生言公之詩氣和韻遠,當入江西後派」云云,蓋攀援也。才思殊窘,故乏警策。趙與虤《娛書堂詩話》稱其「雲歸青嶂雨初歇,花臥碧苔春巳休」一聯,洵是佳語,不見《集》中。
卷二〈晚步〉:「日落欲閉戶,風清聊杖藜。千山猶帶雨,一徑已無泥。𤂆𤂆水聲急,悠悠雲影低。催歸緣底事,著意傍人啼。」
〈暘谷偶成〉:「竹近頗忻衣袂爽,苔深長恐履痕侵。夜燈四壁圖書影,曉日一牀花木陰。載酒只今誰好事,絶絃從昔為知音。區區外物成何用,慎勿緣渠愁此心。」
〈不雨〉:「農時閲月天不雨,嘉穀叢中龜兆生。雲勢只隨風聚散,鳩聲空報客陰晴。半生憂國髮欲白,一飽無期心屢驚。尚願秋陽化甘澍,稍甦枯槁望西成。」
卷二〈老屋〉:「老屋久欹側,隨宜聊拄撐。吾今且共住,緣盡會須行。雨打從教壞,風搖不用驚。世間虛幻相,聚散本無情。」
《竹齋詩集》卷三〈入京道中曝背〉:「露濕芳桃午未乾,花時全似麥秋寒。征衫不敵東風力,試上郵亭曝背看。」
〈早作〉:「井梧飛葉送秋聲,籬菊緘香待晚晴。斗柄橫斜河欲沒,數山青處亂鴉鳴。」
元量問道於楊慈湖,慈湖所撰〈竹齋墓誌〉草率拉扯,文理不通。
【《夷堅支‧景》卷六〈西安紫姑〉、〈水太尉〉二則自註:「裘萬頃無量說。」】
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