2016年6月5日 星期日

《容安館札記》216~220則



Jean Émile Laboureur (1877-1943) 所繪 Silbermann 與人鬥毆一節插圖
(Silbermann, Paris: Nouvelle Revue Française, 1925)



二百十六[1]



            薩玉衡檀河《白華樓詩鈔》四卷、《焚餘稿》一卷。向在《陳左海文集》、《石遺室詩話》中知檀河名。《射鷹樓詩話》則反復贊歎之。今覩全集,勿逮所聞。浙派之遺,詞源不匱。泰半詠古登臨之什,風華而乏真切。錄兩首:

            卷一〈題鄭嵎津陽門詩注〉第二首:「承平故實出村翁,樂史陳鴻二傳同。獨愛行宮小詩句,白頭閑坐說元宗。」

            卷四〈七夕漫興〉第一首:「玉露金風冷畫屏,南來愁見五秋螢。才非服軛名何益?織不成章涕獨零。世路艱難甯一水,人生離合悟雙星。今宵仙會能多少,漏箭休催轉翠輧。」腹聯若作「世路多艱非一水,人生長別羨雙星」更妙。第二首:「銀河無塵靜不波,鸞笙鳳管喜相過。人間大有新婚別,世上爭如長恨歌。水挽西流誰洗甲?眼枯南望淚成河(榆林人每逢佳節,婦子聚哭郊外,蓋遣戍者多,而南山之陣亡亦眾也)。須知桂殿高寒甚,獨宿姮娥日月多。」



二百十七[2]



            Jacques de Lacretelle, Silbermann. 寫猶太人處境艱屯,心危氣短,行事接物使人憎亦使人憐之狀,頗能入微。

            Pp. 65-6: “Être Juif et Français, je ne crois pas qu’il y ait une condition plus favorable pour accomplir de grandes choses. Seulement, le génie de ma race, je veux le façonner selon le caractère de ce pays-ci; je veux unir mes ressources aux vôtres. Si j’écris, je ne veux pas que l’on puisse me reprocher la moindre marque étrangère. Je ne veux pas entendre, sur rien de ce que je produirai, ce jugement: ‘C’est bien juif.’” p. 160: “Être Juif et Français, que cette alliance pourrait être féconde! Quel espoir j’en tirais!” 按參觀 André Gide, Journal, 24 Janvier 1914: “Léon Blum... Il est absurde, il est dangereux même de nier les qualités de la littérature juive; mais il importe de reconnaître que, de nos jours, il y a en France une littérature juive, qui n’est pas la littérature française. Mieux vaudrait, le jour où le Français n’aurait plus force suffisante, disparaître, plutôt que de laisser un malappris jouer son rôle à sa place, en son nom” (Édition “Bibliothèque de la Pléiade”, pp. 397-8)

            P. 165: “Vois-tu, chaque pays a les Juifs qu’il mérite … ce n’est pas de moi, c’est de Meternich.” 按此 Gide 所謂 “fausse citation” (Journal, 6 Juin 1934: “Il advient, presque toujours des fausses citations, qui, comme les mauvaises monnaies chassent les bonnes” p. 1213, cf. The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, p. 313, M.J. Routh: “You will find it a very good practice always to verify your references, Sir!”),實德國 Emil Franzos 語:“Jedes Land hat die Juden, die es verdient.” (G. Büchmann, Geflügelte Worte, “Volks-Ausgabe” von B. Krieger, S. 238)[3],蓋襲 Joseph de Maistre, lettre du 15-27 août 1811: “Toute nation a le gouvernement qu’elle mérite”。近世 Jehan Rictus 詩集 Doléances, “Epigraphe”: “L’époque a les poètes qu’elle mérite”; P. Morillot, Scarron et le genre burlesque, p. 148: “Les nations ont en général les littératures qu’elles méritent”; Walter de la Mare, Private View, p. 125: “As has been said of man & wife, nation & ruler, every age has bestowed upon it the poetry it deserves — though this is not a genial comment to make on the 18th century”[4]; Lacassagne: “Every society has the criminals it deserves.” (Havelock Ellis, The Criminal, 5th ed., p. 24); M. Muggeridge, The Thirties, p. 172: “Every generation gets, as well as the Government, the Shakespeare it deserves. He is assimilated to each successive phase of human folley”



二百十八[5]



            謝翺《晞髮集》十卷、《遺集》二卷,清平湖陸大業重刊本。向衹在《宋詩鈔》中覩臯羽詩,此集僅存七律二首(《遺集》卷上〈孤山〉、〈寄韶卿〉),蓋掇拾網羅,亦非全豹也。七古什九學長吉,能造境立意,非如他人之徒事襞積詞藻,故皮相似遜老鐵之險麗,而韻味實遠勝也。五古亦約鍊。七古之自言學張籍,五古之自言學孟郊者,皆不類。五言近體則南宋江湖詩派,清淺無大過人。《楊升菴全集》卷五十五稱其「精緻奇峭,有唐人風,未可例於宋視之」,當是指古詩耳(《藝苑巵言》卷四云:「謝臯羽微見翹楚,〈鴻門行〉諸篇大有唐人致。」《變雅堂詩集》卷三〈懷山堂論詩〉自注:「宋詩以謝翺為第一,其後無詩。」《柳亭詩話》卷四稱謝之鼓吹、騎吹「於六朝外另闢蠶叢,質奧處高於張、王」。)文刻劃風物,却不落纖仄。筆有歛勒,頗得力柳州也。【《陔餘叢考》卷四十一謂《宋史‧忠義傳》敘從信國勤王者有謝臯,乃死李成之謝翺。信國集中亦無翺名。阮大鋮《詠懷堂詩集‧自序》云:「矯哉臯羽,振金石於式微,獨趙宋希聲,即置之太祝諸子間,登降獻酬雍如也。」《戊寅詩與楊朗陵秋夕論詩》云:「異代晞髮生,冷冷瀨中石。」徐樹丕《識小錄》卷三錄謝詩甚多,自言佚稿。】

            卷三〈廢居行〉:「海濤翻空秋草短,白蛇入窠啗雀卵(用溫飛卿〈蔣侯神廟歌〉『廟前古樹蟠白蛇』)。經年廢屋無居人,孕婦夜向船中產。歸來多雨臼生魚,穴蟲祝子滿戶樞。鄰家置屋供官役,買得沂王園令宅。」

            〈短歌行〉:「秦淮沒日如沒鶻,白波搖空溼弦月。洞庭脫木如脫髮,寒蛩哀啼眾芳歇。」

            〈虞美人草詞〉:「髑髏起語鴟叫嘯,山精夜啼楚王廟。渡淮風雨八千人,叱咤向天成白道。」

            〈劉寄奴草詞〉:「少年防塞得命生,出鏃肉中無粟起。」

            卷四〈句章見月食〉:「穀州見月如魚口,沫聚痕消暗窗牖。鄞城見月如破臼,棄藥含垢掛南斗。龍蛇伏氣諸腦空,水中睡失群陰母。其間海禽獨夜啼,黑雲赴海同奔犀。市人識母不識父,擊柝摧扉救月死。況值蕤賓月十五,干神附甲支在子。孤子哀吟離楚尾,淚落荒江弔南紀。猶憶秦淮哭日年,不敢仰視看盆水。」

            卷四〈逃暑崇法寺〉:「棋局雨生苔蘚文,袈裟晴掛芭焦樹。」按趙秋谷《飴山詩集》卷十九〈明邊華泉尚書有詩云庭際何所有有萱復有芋自聞秋雨聲不種芭蕉樹前人以芋非庭中之物譏為湊韻余則謂芭蕉作樹乃鄉俗之言尤為不典遂改之〉(「庭際何所有?離離花藥苗。自聞秋夜雨,不復種芭蕉。」)《援鶉堂筆記》卷四十四斥之云:「此點金成鐵也。《湼槃經》:『是身不堅,猶如蘆葦、伊蘭、水泡、芭蕉之樹。』又云:『如芭蕉樹,因雷增長。』」又卷四十八云:「王元美誚邊庭實〈西園詩〉,以為芭蕉不可言樹。朱竹垞辨之,引《維摩詰經》云:『是身如芭蕉樹而不堅固。』按《維摩詰所說經方便品第二》云:『是身如芭蕉,中無有堅。』竹垞小誤。」陸以湉《冷廬雜識》卷八云:「王漁洋《居易錄》卷三引《花間詞》『笑指芭蕉林裏住』以證華泉不誤。余謂芭蕉樹見《維摩詰經》,謝臯羽句亦云云。」陸氏引臯羽語誠然,引《維摩詰經》則未見姚氏之是正竹垞,仍沿《明詩綜》之訛(《明詩綜》卷三十六)。張宗泰《魯巖所學集》卷九評《居易錄》誤識數事亦云:「《維摩經》『是身如芭蕉,而不堅實』為芭蕉稱樹確證,不煩旁引」云云,蓋亦耳食,承竹垞來。姚氏引《大般湼槃經》尚未盡,「是身不堅」云云,見〈序品第一〉,此外〈純陀品第二〉、〈菩薩品第十六〉、〈獅子吼菩薩品第二十三〉皆有「芭蕉樹」之語。其見於他經者,如《雜阿含經‧卷五之一百十》、《增益阿含經‧卷二十七之九》、《菩薩本緣經》卷中等。邊詩見《邊華泉集》卷七〈無題〉第二首,卷八〈蝶戀花〉詞亦云:「亭上雨來人欲去。為怕離聲,不近芭蕉樹。」

            卷五〈夏日遊玉几山中〉:「曳舟來山中,出郭稅吾駕。獨慕忻眾勝,晨發乃及夜。豈無城中山,愛此足幽野。橫陳玉几峯,隱護碧殿瓦。并州古男子,禮塔餘此舍。而我飲氷人,猶為內熱者。擬携桃枝笙,舒卷得餉暇。明席織海草,因之一枕藉。冷風吹雪空,相與坐其下。」

            〈雨飲玲瓏岩下〉:「垂雲起嶔嵌,衣被松與桂。夜含星斗光,隱若金石氣。雨來輒阻之,不得撫蒼翠。下有桑門子,飲用陶匏器。盆中蓄海石,左顧如牡礪。疑此磧上來,不知幾年歲。桑門却問客,所居何姓氏?回指南海峰,蒼茫倘一至。」

            〈池上萍〉:「浮萍隨漲水,上到荷葉端。水退不得下,猶粘花萼間。花殷青已見,葉翠枯始斑。何如根在水,根蒂相團團。人生慕高遠,風雲事躋攀。絕髯尚號叫,化為鶴與猿。幸未及枯槁,萬里吾當還。」

            卷七〈山陰道中呈鄭正朴翁〉:「異鄉同夢客,今雨故人家。」

            〈散髮詩〉:「詩病多於馬,身閒不似鷗。」按吳聿《觀林詩話》云:「昔人有言:馬有三百四病,詩有三百八病,詩病多於馬病。」上句用此。《歸愚詩鈔餘集》卷七〈又病〉云:「詩病多於馬,我病多於詩。耄年如枯木,病又摧其枝。」佛書則謂人有四百四病。《淨心誡觀法》云:「四百四病,以夜食為本。」《二程外書》卷十二明道語亦云:「人有四百四病。」

            卷九〈遊仙華巖麓記〉:「秋夜聞水樂及擊石聲,月高風遠,復不知墮在何處。」

            〈自巖麓尋泉至三石洞記〉:「得二洞,其一溫然如春,可久坐,自外望之若無有者。其一空迴寥廓,聞人語,如投珠於壺,滴泉垂草,雜飛蝠續之,蒼碧欲動。」

            〈小爐峯三瀑記〉:「地稍峻,泥如沙欲流者數處,仆且起,亂石雲浮,烟嵐薄林木,片片欲斷。足相趾而進,不敢視。稍間斷,前足已遠。」

            卷十〈登西臺慟哭記〉:「乃以竹如意擊石,作楚歌招之曰:『魂朝往兮何極?暮歸來兮關水黑。化為朱鳥兮有咮焉食?』歌闋,竹石俱碎。」按《南雷文案》卷十〈西臺慟哭記註〉可參看,同卷又有〈冬青引注〉。趙汸《東山先生存稿》卷五〈跋西臺慟哭記〉、〈跋冬青引〉。

            《遺集》卷上〈無題〉:「可與語人少,不成眠夜多。」

            〈僧房疥壁〉:「圓亭方井水,老寺少年僧。」           

            〈山中道士〉:「留客一杯清苦蜜,蜂房知是近梅花。」

            〈沙岸登舟〉:「數雁憐身隻,聞鵑願耳聾。」



二百十九[6]



            J.M. Edmonds, The Characters of Theophrastus (“The Loeb Classical Library”).

            “Letter Dedicatory”: “I shall never cease to marvel, why it has come about that, albeit the whole of Greece lies in the same clime & all Greeks have a like upbringing, we have not the same constitution of character” (p. 37). Sainte-Beuve, Nouveaux Lundis, VIII, p. 69 即引此以駁 Taine: “Race, milieu, moment” 之說:“M. Taine a beau démêler avec adresse la complication d’événements et d’aventures particulières dans lesquelles la vie d’un individu est engagée et comme engrenée, il lui échappe encore quelque chose — le plus vif de l’homme, ce qui fait que de vingt hommes ou de cent, ou de mille, soumis en apparence presque aux mêmes conditions intrinsèques ou extérieures, pas un ne se ressemble, et qu’il en est un seul entre tous qui excelle avec originalité. Il semble que Théophraste ait devancé l’objection, lorsqu’il dit tout au commencement des Caractères” etc.。後來 Léon Brunschvicg, Le Progrès de la conscience, II, p. 465 Taine 亦云:“Arnauld n’est-il pas de la même race que Pascal? Arnauld ne vit-il pas avec Nicole dans un milieu d’union étroite? Le moment de l’histoire politique et religieuse n’est-il pas aussi nettement défini que possible?” etc.。前則 Voltaire, Diction. Philos., art. “Climat”: “On pourrait demander à ceux qui soutiennent que l’atmosphère fait tout, pourquoi l’empereur Julien dit dans son Misopogon que ce qui lui plaisait dans les Parisiens, c’était la gravité et la sévérité; et pourquoi ces Parisiens, sans que le climat ait changé, sont aujourd’hui des enfants badins à qui le gouvernement donne le fouet en riant, et qui eux-mêmes rient le moment après.... Pourquoi, dans Athènes, n’ya-t-il plus d’Anacréon, ni d’Arislote, ni de Zeuxis?” (Oeuv. Comp., éd. Moland, XVIII, p. 199)。又 Selected Essays of Ludvig Holberg, tr. P.M. Mitchell, Epistle 516(駁孟德斯鳩)有云:“Before they were cultivated through laws & encouraged by good examples, the Russians were considered a cowardly & pacific people... The Persians have alternately been belligerent, cowardly, & now belligerent again. Virtue, manliness, & knowledge seemed formerly to be concentrated in Greece. Now the old qualities have been transmuted into ignorance & cowardice. During the previous century the Russians were docile as sheep; now they fight like lions” (pp. 132-134)。又 Bliss Perry, The American Mind, p. 4 Fisher Ames: “The figs [in Greece] are as fine as ever, but where are the Pindars?” 可參觀。參觀二百五則姚康〈序〉[7]

            XXVII. Opsimathy or Late-learning (p. 111). 按文中所說,乃偷閒學少年、與後生賽跑之意,與 Horace, Sat. I, x: “seri studiorum”; Aulus Gellius, XI, vii: “Serae eruditionis, ὀψιμαθία” 貌同而心稍異。



二百二十[8]



            A.D. Knox, Herodes, Cercidas, & the Greek Choliambic Poets (“The Loeb Classical Library”).

            Herodes, Mimes, IV: “A Private Chat” 所謂 “the scarlet baubon (βουβώνα)”[9] (p. 139) 即《玉房秘訣》所謂「以象牙為男莖而用之」、《京本通俗小說》第二十一卷所謂「牙觸器」,特製之以革耳。Select Papyri (“The Loeb Classical Library”), III, tr. D.L. Page, p. 225: “Women Conversing” 亦論羊皮所製偽具。Aretino, Ragionamenti, I 中偽具則以玻璃為之,中空盛熱水 (L’oeuvre du divin Arétin, “Les Maîtres d’Amour” series, I, pp. 31, 42)Aristophanes, Lysistrata, V. 109 所云 olisbosClouds, V. 538 所言 skútinon (“Loeb Class. Lib.”, Aristophanes, I, p. 317) 亦均以革製,而 Peace, V. 28 則云用胡蘿菔代男根,參觀《古今談概》卷五「羅長官」條。Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, I, p. 169引末一事,又 Koritto 讚羊具柔潤有云:“As soft as sleep” (p. 143)。按 Theocritus, V: “I’ll lay you shall tread lambskins and sheep’s wool as soft as sleep” (J.M. Edmonds, The Greek Bucolic Poets, “The Loeb Classical Library”, p. 69)Cf. The Faber Book of Popular Verse, p. 72, Riddle for a Carrot: “Stiff standing on the bed, / First it’s white & then it’s red. / There’s not a lady in the land / That would not take it in her hand.”

            Fragmenta choliambica: “Proverbs”, 4: “For brevity to silence is next door” (p. 343). 按此言若移作談藝,便是聖諦,所謂簡遠者是。參觀《談藝錄》第二三五頁、第三七二頁論「消納」、「隱秀」[10],蓋以筆短見趣長,以損見有餘(語本《全唐文》三三七顏真卿〈張長史十二意筆法記〉)。Coleridge, Biog. Lit., ed. Shawcross, II, p. 11: “A poem of any length neither can be, nor ought to be all poetry”; J.S. Mill: “Alfred de Vigny”: “A fit of passion has no natural connection with verse or music, but a mood of passion has the strongest. The Greek philosophers were attached to music because their polity was to subdue fits of passion, & to sustain & reinforce moods of it (cf. Paradise Lost, I, 550 ff.). This view of rhythmic utterance naturally demands short poems, it being impossible that a feeling as intense as to require a more rhythmical cadence than that of eloquent prose, should sustain itself at its highest elevation for long together.” (Dissertations & Discussions, I, p. 326); Bagehot, Literary Studies: “Poetry should be memorable & emphatic, intense & soon over” (II, p. 341). 世人僅道 Leopardi, Zibaldone (in Tutte le opere, ed. F. Flora), II, p. 1063: “Il poema epico... è... un inno prolungato”; p. 1226: “L’epica... in quanto essa può esser conforme alla natura, e vera poesia, cioè consistente in brevi canti... ed in inni ec., rientra nella lirica”; pp. 1181-2: “E infatti il poema epico è contro la natura della poesia... la poesia sta essenzialmente in un impeto... Direi che la drammatica spetta alla poesia meno ancora che l’epica” ec.; Poe: “A rhymed poem, not to exceed in length what might be perused in an hour. Within this limit alone can the highest order of true poetry exist... All highest excitements are necessarily transient. Thus a long poem is a paradox” (Works, ed. Stedman & Woodbury, VII, p. 30); cf. V, pp. 3-5 of Joubert, Pensées, Tit. XXI, 42: “Tout ouvrage de génie, épique ou didactique, est trop long, s’il ne peut pas être lu dans un jour”,知簡矣,而未知簡之所以求默。默者,言外之意,空外之音也。J.-P. Sartre, Situation, I, pp. 294-6: “Jules Renard a créé la litérature du silence... où les mots sont soigneusement choisis pour s’annuler entre eux... Il pensa que la brièveté dans le discours offrait l’image la plus rapprochée du silence et que la phrase la plus silencieuse était celle qui réalisait la plus grande économie.” 惜其未引希臘人此語耳。餘見顏真卿〈張長史十二意筆法記〉又第七百三十三則論《全唐文》卷三三七、第七百七十七則。Cf. Mallarmé (marginalia to The Penguin Book of French Verse, III).





[1]《手稿集》319-20 頁。
[2]《手稿集》320-1 頁。
[3]G. Büchmann, Geflügelte Worte」原作「G. Büchmanns Geflügelte Worte」。
[4] 德拉梅爾原文無「nation & ruler」云云。
[5]《手稿集》321-3 頁。
[6]《手稿集》323-4 頁。
[7]「姚康」原作「姚康那」。
[8]《手稿集》324-6 頁。
[9]βουβώνα」似應作「βαυβον」。
[10]「消納」見《談藝錄六○補訂》,「隱秀」見《談藝錄補遺九》。

《容安館札記》211~215則



二百十一[1]



            姚康《休那遺稿》文十二卷、詩一卷、《貨殖傳評》一卷、《外集》尺牘三卷、駢體一卷,光緒時姚氏從六世孫灼所輯錄也。余在方爾止《嵞山詩集》首覩休那〈序〉,頗有作意,因求此集讀之,索然敗興,〈嵞山詩序〉并不見集中也。《詩集》中有〈寄方爾止〉一七律(「兵氣相關真礙雁,友聲隨在得聞鸎」),《外集》卷一有〈與方嵞山〉一札(「君買妾為宗祧計,正當求管夷吾、馮瀛王一輩人,責效於已試者較易耳。若趙家姊妹,恐非人種,蓋美人之於甯馨,猶文人之於阿堵,皆世間極難得之物」云云。按毛西河《詩話》卷三載其妾曼殊無子,自歎詩云:「春到園林草盡芽,夭桃何事不開花?」孫子瀟《天真閣外集》卷一〈慰個人〉第二首云:「仙家瑤草原無種,不似桃花結子多。」皆可參觀。此書附見《嵞山集‧前集》卷三〈喜得姚休那先生書〉七古注中)。姚氏論文極推王、李以至於汪太函(卷一〈論文〉、卷十二〈絕筆〉、《外集》卷二〈又與朱子孟〉。按張習孔《雲谷臥餘》卷三亦極推汪太函詩文,蓋明末清初歙人尚私太函為鄉曲也)。自作則凡制藝、尺牘、語錄、批尾,習氣濫調,雜糅篇中。好為議論,而排比事藻,拈弄機鋒,全失古文之體。糾纏冗長,格格不吐,刺刺不休,真惡道也。《白白齋貨殖傳評》腐鄙之氣中人,總評有云:「予讀書處顏曰:『白戰』,置榻處顏曰:『白醉』。『白戰』之說舊矣,而晝睡者有『白醉』之名,其說聞諸升庵」云云,則是其行文雖好鋪陳故實,而竟未知「白醉」之作何解、出何書也!學問亦可揣知矣。詩不講格律,然為體製所範圍,較之文遂稍遠於題,偶有警策之聯。

            卷一〈測大〉:「予經萬死,始得託家於秋浦之俠友,且分噉百草之新入《食經》者。」

            《詩集‧排遣》:「排遣何曾達,思維亦是塵。病翻為藥果,髮在即愁。松老皆成佛,花清欲避人。禪栖如竇許,色色可怡神。」

            〈飲吳體嚴座中賦〉:「東邊日出西邊雨,南枝向暖北枝寒。」

            〈寄祚文弟〉:「事往尚憐余僅,憂來多以汝為端。」

            〈自祭百二十韻〉,七言排律也。按《湘綺樓日記》光緒二十八年四月十九日云:「唐詩唯無七言排律,本朝最重大詩體也。自鴻博大考始用之,非小翰林所敢作。惟湯海翁有七排百韻,亦第一詩人矣。」蓋指《海秋詩集》卷二十五〈曹新安師以詩集命點勘斐然敘德抒情得七律一百韻〉,而不知清初已有休那此篇,更為鉅觀。乾、嘉時尚有畢秋帆《靈巖山人詩集》卷七〈代書一百韻寄劍飛延青兩弟〉,亦七言排律也。宋初薛田有〈成都書事〉七律一百韻,見《宋詩紀事》卷九。《雪橋餘集》卷六殷桐高有〈聖駕親征噶爾丹蕩平凱旋正值太和殿鼎建工成覃恩肆赦恭記一百韻〉七言排律。王弇州〈與李于鱗〉五排一百二十韻。《少室山房類稿》卷四十八〈挽王元美先生二百四十韻〉。



二百十二[2]



            “Contradiction exists in all things.”[3] Including or excepting the essay from which the statement is taken?



二百十三[4]



            J.M. Edmonds, The Greek Bucolic Poets (“The Loeb Classical Library”).

            Theacritus II: “And no sooner was I ware of the light fall o’s foot across my threshold than I went cold as ice my body over, & the sweat dripped like dewdrops from my brow; aye, & for speaking I could not so much as the whimper of a child that calls on’s mother in his sleep; for my fair flesh was gone all stiff and stark” (p. 35). 按參觀第五十五則。

            V: “You shall tread sheep’s wool as soft as sleep” (p. 69). Herodes, Mimes, IV (“The Loeb Class. Lib.”, p. 143): “[The bonbon] as soft as sleep”; Virgil, Eclogae, VII, 45: “somno mollior herba (grass softer than sleep)” (“The Loeb Class. Lib.”, I, p. 52). 參觀 G.A. Borgese, I vivi e i morti, p. 161: “... rientrava la sera, con member piene di stanchezza dolce come il miele”

            V: “But when her goatherd boy goes by you should see my Cleärist Fling apples, & her pretty lips call pouting to be kissed” (p. 73). Aulus Gellius, IX. ix 論迻譯希臘詩為拉丁,不得逐字硬翻 (“Non semper aiunt enitendum, ut omnia omnino verba in eum, in quem dicta sunt, modum vertamus. Perdunt enim gratiam pleraque, si quasi inuita et recusantia uiolentius transferuntur” — Attic Nights, tr. by J.C. Rolfe, “The Loeb Classical Library”, II, p. 176),舉  Virgil, Ecl., 64-5: “Malo me Galatea petit, lasciva puella, / Et fugit ad salices et se cupit ante videri.” (“Loeb Class. Lib.”, I, p. 2?) Theocritus 此節可謂入妙云云。竊謂視原文不啻過之,即 Paradise Regained, II, 161-2: “[Women] skilled to retire, & in retiring draw. / Hearts after them tangled in amorous nets”。又按 Aristophanes, The Clouds, 997 謂妓女以蘋果擲少年 (μηλω βληθείς) 以為勾搭,B.B. Rogers 譯本 (G. Bell & Sons) p. 128 註云:“Throwing an apple was the recognised love-challenge amongst the Greeks & Romans”。又按 Theocritus, Virgil 所寫景象,可與宋玉〈好色賦〉末句參觀。一入 Swift 筆下,遂成醜態,參觀 Gulliver’s Travels, Pt. IV, ch. 7 “female Yahoo” 勾引雄者事 (“Oxford Standard Authors”, p. 313-4: “with a counterfeit show of fear” etc.)[5]。【史達祖〈祝英臺近〉:「見郎和笑拖裙,匆匆欲去,驀忽地、肯留芳袖。」Montaigne, Essais, II. 15 (Pléiade, p. 97) Virgil[6]。】

            V: “’Tis true Alcippa kissed me, but she forgot to kiss by the pot” (p. 79). Hans Licht, Beiträge zur antiken Erotik, S. 143 Eunikos 劇,又 Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, tr. by J.H. Freese, p. 310 Plutarch, Moralia, 38c “Topf” “Henkelkuss”[7] (dass man ein Kind an beiden Ohren nahm und küsste, wobei das Kind mit seinen Patschhändchen ebenfalls nach den Ohren des Küssenden greifen musste)

            VIII: “A maid with meeting eyebrows”[8] (p. 119). 按參觀 Leigh Hunt, Men, Women & Books: “Criticism on Female Beauty”; Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, III, p. 145 Émeric-David: “The typical Greek beautiful woman must be tall... the eyebrows slightly arched & almost meeting”

            X: “Bombyca fair, to other folk you may a Gipsy be; sunburnt & lean they call you; you are honey-brown to me. Of flowers the violet’s dark” (p. 135). 按悅目即姝,惟愛所丁。此 Michelangelo 所以問:“Dimmi di grazia, amor, se gli occhi i mei / veggono ’l ver della beltà ch’aspiro, / o s’io l’ho dentro allor che, dov’ io miro, / veggio più bello el viso di costei.” (The Sonnets of Michael Angelo Buonarroti, tr. by J.A. Symonds, XXV, p. 27),而答云:“beltà che tu vedi è ben da quella”,則非情人眼裏出西施之謂。【... Catullus, LI.... 乃眼花撩亂[9]】至與 Theocritus 此首相印可者,則 Godschalk: “Amas ut pulchram facias” (R. de Gourmont, Le Latin mystique, p. 143 ); Congreve, The Way of the World, II, i: “You are no longer handsome when you’ve lost your lover. Beauty is the lover’s gift” 也【cf. Fontenelle: “L’amour est le revenu de la beauté” (quoted in Sainte-Beuve, Les Grands Écrivains Français, éd. M. Allem, VII, p. 5)】。此意始見於 Plato, Rep., 474D; Plutarch, Moralia, I, p. 241; Lucretius, IV, 1160: “Nigra melichrus est, immunda et fetida acosmos. / caesia Palladium, nervosa et lignea dorcas” etc.; Ovid, Ars am., II, 657: “Nominibus mollire licetmala: fusca vocetur, / Nigrior Illyrica cui pice sanguis erit” etc. (cf. Remed. am., 323 et seq.); Moliere, Le Misanthrope, II, v: “La pâle est au jasmin en blancheur comparable; / La noire à faire peur, une brune adorable” etc.; John Suckling, “Sonnets” II: “I ask no red & white, / To make up my delight; / No odd becoming graces, / Black eyes, or little know-not-whats in faces; / Make me but mad enough, give me / Good store of love for her I count; / I ask no more, / ’Tis love in love that makes the sport. / There’s no such thing as that we beauty call, / It is mere cozenage all.... / If I a fancy take / To black & blue, / That fancy doth it beauty make. / ’Tis not the meat, but ’tis the appetite / Makes eating a delight” (Aldous Huxley, Texts & Pretexts, p. 53: “Suckling puts his argument in the conditional If. But in point of actual fact it is almost infinitely improbable that he will take a fancy to black & blue. Nature & second nature have limited him to white & gold, to olive & black, to sunburn & chestnut... There are values which persist, because there is a physiology which persists &, along with a physiology, a mental structure”); Pierre Janet, L’Amour et la Haine, p. 151: “La beauté de la femme est dans des nerfs de l’homme”; Robert Herrick: “No Loathesomeness in Love” (Poetical Works, ed. L.C. Martin, p. 13); “Qui du cul d’un chien s’amourose, / Il lui paraît une rose” (À la Recherche du Temps Perdu, “La Pléiade”, I, p. 123, Françoise)。其見於散文者如 Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy, Pt. III, Sect. ii, Mem. 3, Subs. 1: “Love is blind” 一節論 “Quisquis amat ranam, ranam putat esse Dianara” (“Everyman’s Library”, vol. III, p. 155);又 Voltaire, Diction. Philos., art. “Beau”: “Demandez a un crapaud ce que c’est que la beauté, le grand beau, le to kalon. Il vous répondra que c’est sa crapaude” etc. (Oeuv. Comp., éd. Moland, XVII, pp. 556-7)。【即《莊子》所謂「猨,猵狙以為雌」一節之意[10],見第四百六十二則。拉丁諺亦云:「驢以驢為美,豕以豕為麗 (Asinus asino, et sus sui pulcher)。」 Thomas Dekker, The Honest Whore, Pt. II, Act II, Sc. I, Bellafront: “So crowes are faire with crowes” (Dramatic Works, ed. F. Bowers, II, 154).】至 Stendhal, De l’Amour, ch. XVII: “Même les petits défauts de sa figure, une marque de petite vérole, par exemple, donnent, de l’attendrissement à l’homme qui aime... Si l’on parvient ain i à préférer et à aimer la laideur, c’est que dans ce cas la laideur est beauté” (éd. “Le Divan”, p. 80) 而發揮無餘蘊。即日本諺謂:“In a lover’s eyes, pockmarks become dimples.”[11](見 Ploss, Bartels & Bartels, Woman, ed. By E.J. Dingwall, I, pp. 213-4引)之意。【Don Quixote, Pt. II, ch. 47: “The pock-marks on Clara Perlerina’s face are many & large, but those who are fond of her will assert that those are not scars at all but graves where the hearts of her lovers lie buried” (tr. S. Putnam, II, p. 814).】《盱江全集》卷三十四〈贈卿材〉所謂:「女色無定美,寵至美則多。」《苕溪漁隱後集》第三十一引《復齋漫錄》云:「諺云:『情人眼裏有西施。』山谷取以為詩,故〈答公益春思〉云:『西施逐人眼,稱心最為得。』」張平子〈西京賦〉所謂「惟愛所丁」也。【《全三國文》卷二十三蔣濟〈萬機論〉:「語曰:『兩目不相為視。』昔吳有二人共評玉者,一人曰好,一人曰醜,久之不決)。二人各曰:『爾可求入吾目中,則好醜分矣。』」(劉晝〈正賞第五十一〉本此。)】【《拍案驚奇》卷十七云:「人生最怕的是眼裏火。一動了眼裏火,隨你左看右看,無不中心像意的。」《金瓶梅》第七十二回:「不管好歹的都收攬下,原來是一個眼裏火。」《水滸全傳》第二十一回:「佳人有意村夫俏,紅粉無心浪子村。」《通俗編》卷二十二引《魯連子》云:「心誠憐,白髪玄;情不怡,姸色媸。」謂是「情人眼裏有西施」語之祖。馮夢龍《山歌》卷四〈出〉云:「當官銀匠出細絲,護短爺娘出俊兒。道學先生口裏出子孔夫子,情人眼裏出西施。」《紅樓夢》第七十九回香菱云:「這是『情人眼裏出西施』。」《金瓶梅》第三十七回:「自古道:『情人眼裏出西施』。」《渾如篇‧論子弟有三揣‧其三‧揣自己年貌》:「情人眼裏出西施……這西施料難是你,不如歸去且徘徊。」《倪文正公遺稿》卷二〈代友贈人〉:「端非情眼出西施。」】《淮海集》卷十二〈眇娼傳〉所謂:「諺有之:『心相憐,馬首圓。』自余得若人,還視世之女子,無不餘一目者。夫佳目,得一足矣,奚以多為?」(參觀第五百七十三則。)江進之《雪濤小書》卷四所謂:「閩人篤於男色者,見一美姬姿態絕倫,乃嘆日:『可惜是婦人耳。』又有與眇姬相處者,寵戀異常。或詰曰:『此少一目,何足戀?』其人低徊嘆曰:『公不知趣,我看了此姬,天下婦人都似多了一隻眼。』」Martial, III, 8 [Quintus in love with one-eyed Thais]: “Unum oculum Thais non habet, ille duos” (Loeb, I, 1680). 又第二五一則、七三八則。又第二百十四則眉[12]。【[補二一三則〈眇娼傳〉]Anatomy of Melancholy, Part III, Sect. II, Mem. V, Subs. II: “Petrarch hath such another tale of a young gallant, that loved a wench with one eye, & for that cause by his parents was sent to travel into far countries, ‘after some years he returned, & meeting the maid for whose sake he was sent abroad, asked her how, & by what chance she lost her eye? No, said she, I have lost none, but you have found yours’” (“Everyman’s Library”, vol. III, p. 200).《西洋記》六十四回:「哈里虎一手拔出箭頭,連眼珠兒都帶出來,說道:『兩只眼本是多一只,去了他也罷。』」】孫子瀟《天真閣集》卷一〈雜言〉云:「妍媸在情,色居其名。」卷十六〈情箴〉云:「美惡至無準,惟情所軒輊」;「兩心果相悅,凡質皆先施。素意苟不屬,姱容亦仳倠。」(又第七百三則。)【Anatomy of Melancholy, Pt. III, Sect. ii, Mem. 2, Subs. 4 (“Everyman’s ...[13]

            XI. The Cyclops: “O well I wot pretty maid for why thou shunnest me so; one long shag eyebrow ear to ear my forehead doth go, & but one eye beneath doth lie, & the nose stands wide on the lip. Yet be as I may, still this I say, I feed full a thousand sheep” (p. 143). 按即《西游記》第二十三回豬八戒所云:「娘,上覆令愛,不要這等揀漢。師父俊雖俊,却沒用。我醜自醜,有幾句口號兒:『雖然人物醜,勤緊有些功。若言千頃地,不用使牛耕』」云云也。Tasso, Aminta, II, i, Satiro 亦然。

            XVIII. “The Epithalamy of Helen” (pp. 225 ff). Hans Licht, Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, Eng. tr., p. 55 scholiast 說此云: “The epithalamium is sung, in order that the cries of the young bride, while she is offered violence to by her husband, may not be heard, but may be drowned in the song of the girls”

            XXVII. “Daphnis: ‘Even in an empty kiss there’s a sweet delight.’ Acrotime: “Look ye, I wipe my mouth o’ your kiss & spit it from me’” (p. 333). Guarini, Pastor Fido: “Bocca baciata a forza, / Se ’l bacio sputa, ogni vergogna ammorza” ( Luigi Russo, Gli scrittori d’Italia, I, p. 550)Cf. Lewis Carroll, Sylvie & Bruno, ch. 16 on “unkissing”; “The Rural Dance about the May-pole”: “The girls did then begin to quarrel with the men; / And bid ’em take their kisses back, & give ’em their own again” (The Faber Book of Popular Verse, p. 42).

            Daphnis: ‘Your youth passes you by like a dream.’ Acrotime: ‘But the grape’s in the raisin, & dry rose-leaves may live’” (p. 335). 按妙喻,參觀 Greek Anthology, Bk. V, 304: “When you were a green grape you refused me, when you were ripe you bade me be off, at least grudge me not a little of your raisin”[14] (Eng. tr. W.R. Paton, “The Loeb Classical Library”, I, p. 293)。至 Bk. V, 28: “I don’t accept a bramble for a rose” (p. 143),則 “Il n’est si belle rose qui ne devienne gratte-cul” 之意矣。又 Lucian, The Downward Journey: “Hermes: ‘Here are 300 babies.’ Charon: ‘It’s green-grape dead you have brought us.’ Hermes: ‘Here you are again, 398, all tender & ripe & harvested in season.’ Charon: ‘Good Lord, yes! They are all raisins now!’” (“The Loeb Classical Library”, tr. by A.M. Harmon, II, p. 11),當是希臘文中常喻。又 Acrotime: ‘Why hast thou put thy hand in my breasts?’ Daphnis: ‘I am fain to give thy ripe pippins their first lesson’” (p. 341)。按以婦人乳為蘋婆果,乃希臘詩中常喻[15],參觀 Hans Licht, Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, Eng. tr., pp. 271, 311;又第五百三十一則 Orlando Furioso, XII. 14;又 R. Coolus & A. Rivoire, Pardon, Madame..., Acte I, Sc. X: “Et un corps de 16 ans! Avec des petits seins durs comme pommes!”。參觀第二百七十九則。

            Bion XV: “’Tis said a continual dripping will e’en wear a hollow in a stone” (p. 415). 按字書僅知引 Lucretius, I, 314: “Stillicidi lapsus lapidem cavat”Robert Greene, Arbasto 中引申之云:“In time we see the silver drops / The craggy stones make soft; / The slowest snail in time we see / Doth creep & climb aloft. / With feeble puffs the tallest pine / In tract of time doth fall; / The hardest heart in time doth yield / To Venus’ luring call” (A.H. Bullen, Poems Chiefly Lyrical from Romances and Prose-tracts of the Elizabethan Age, p. 9),諺云:「烈女怕纏夫」(《湘綺樓日記》光緒九年六月廿七日引),此之謂也。E. & J. de Goncourt, L’Amour au XVIIIe siècle, p. 38: “N’est-ce pas un principe partout répété, un fait affirmé bien haut par les hommes, qu’il suffit de dire trois fois à une femme qu’elle est jolie, pour qu’elle vous remercie à la première fois, pour qu’elle vous croie à la seconde, et pour qu’à la troisième elle vous récompense?” 可參觀。

            Moschus I: “The Runaway Love” 按此 Venus 失子零丁也:“And the reward shall be the kiss of Cypris” (p. 425)。其意至 Apuleius, Metam., Lib. VI. 7 而增飾為 “Accepturus ab ipsa venere septem savia et unum blandientis appulsu linguae longe mellitum”[16],即 Johannes Secundus, Basia V 所詠 (Cataglottism)

            V: “Pan loved his neighbor Echo; Echo loved a frisking Satyr; & Satyr he was head over ears for Lydè... for by just course, even as each of those hearts did scorn its lover, so was it also scorned being such a lover itself” etc. (pp. 459-461). Heine, Lyrisches Intermezzo: “Ein Jüngling liebt ein Mädchen, / Die hat einen andern erwählt; / Der andre liebt eine andre, / Und hat sich mit dieser vermählt” etc. (Werke und Briefe in 10 Bänden, Aufbau, 1961, S. 88); Neuer Frühling: “Der Schmetterling ist in die Rose verliebt” usw. (S. 218); Édouard Grenier, “Plainte”: “Le vent aime la fleur; la fleur le papillon; / Le papillon l’azur; l’azur le doux rayon / De l’étoile lointaine; / L’étoile aime la mer, et la mer, le rocher / Qui reçoit ses baisers sans se laisser toucher / Par l’amour ou la haine” etc. (G. Walch, Anthologie des poètes fr. contemporains, I, pp. 75-6); Mrs Alderson to Mrs Taylor: “Mrs Inchbald says the report of the world is that Mr Holcroft is in love with her, she with Mr Godwin, Mr Godwin with me, & I am in love with Mr Holcroft” (F.K. Brown, William Godwin, p. 112),即 Hardy, The Hand of Ethelberta 所謂 “concatenated affection” (Carl J. Weber, Hardy of Wessex, p. 62 )Jean Rousset, La littérature de l’âge baroque en France, p. 40 Chréstien des Croix, Les Amantes 本事云:“Eurialle est amoureux de Floris, et haï d’elle: Ariston aime Clorinde qu’elle dédaigne pour chérir Eurialle” etc.,謂為 “la chaine d’amours en cascades”

            Simias of Rhodes “Pattern poems” (pp. 489 ff.). 按即 Technopaignia,其源流詳見 J.W.H. Atkins, English Literary Criticism: The Medieval Phase, p. 167; English Literary Criticism: The Renascence, pp. 146-7P. Daudin: “Les vers figures” (Vie et langage, Mars 1960, pp. 152-8) 考此亦詳。近日西洋詩人如 Guillaume Apollinaire  集中每見此體【Guillaume Apollinaire, Calligrammes 中有 “Paysage”, “La Cravate et la montre”, “Coeur couronne et miroir”, “La Mandoline, l’oeillet et la bambou”,“ La Colonne poignardée et le jet d’eau”, “Aussi bien que les cigales”, “Du coton dans les oreilles”, “Éventail des saveurs” (Oeuvres Poétiques, “Bibl. de la Pléiade”, pp. 170, 192, 197, 203, 209, 213, 284, 287, 298) 諸首】,Dylan Thomas, Vision & Prayer 亦其類,在吾國則習見不鮮矣。



二百十四[17]



            李雯舒章《蓼齋集》四十七卷、《後集》五卷。舒章與陳臥子同鄉友善,詩文祈嚮亦相似,皆承何、李、王、李之遺,稍變斑駁為采錯者。然才薄氣弱,詞蕪調懈,就摹擬論,亦屬下乘。《後集》則甲申以後所作,益頹率不振,內疚大節之有虧,外愧故交之異趣,自憐自鄙(四字見《後集》卷四〈丁亥夏日行役之作〉第一首),其言也哀。讀者悲其志可矣,篇什則無取焉。【《峭帆樓叢書》中有《雲間三子新詩合稿》,蓋乙丙之際、鼎革之後所刻,時舒章在北方已仕清矣。】【侯朝宗《四憶堂詩集》卷五〈哀辭九章‧之八‧陳公子龍〉練貞吉註云:「明詩自袁宏道、鍾惺後失其正傳,天下不知風雅。公與李公雯力振之,卒歸正始。」〈九‧李公雯〉:「鬱陶發病死,誰當諒舒章?」賈開宗註云:「假歸,道過淮安,故人萬孝廉壽祺以僧服見公,望之泣下曰:『李陵之罪,上通於天矣!』未幾病死。」《夏完淳集》(中華書局本)卷一〈怨曉月賦〉有舒章〈跋〉云:「存忠孝性成,未及終、賈之年,殉身家國」云云。卷二〈懷李舒章六首〉有云:「大道不終秦,君子良邂逅。邂逅在萬里,羗故與之俱。丈夫明大節,敦信義豈渝。」卷五〈讀陳軼符李舒章宋轅文合稿〉有云:「庾徐別恨同千古,蘇李交情在五言。雁行南北誇新貴,鷁首西東憶故園。」卷八〈與李舒章求寬侯氏書〉。卷四〈人日懷舒章〉云:「傷心子山去,何日少卿歸?」】

            石維崑〈序〉:「大曆以來,荊蕪榛塞,七百餘歲,而得獻吉氏。王、李既沒,邪說者作,七十餘歲,而得我先生。」按卷九〈新安四懷詩〉有〈詠汪大函〉一首略云:「點竄班左字,漁獵周秦英。顧盼王李間,奚必非齊盟。」卷三十三〈明文西敘〉略云:「《明文西》者何?秦文也。遠者如空同李夢陽闢其榛蕪,近者如太青文翔鳳繁其翳薈。」其推重七子如此。卷三十四〈陳臥子屬玉堂詩序〉云:「臥子獨好與余言詩,大約以為詩貴沉壯,又須神明。能沉壯而無神明者,以大將統軍,刁斗精嚴,及其鼓角既動,戰如風雨,而無旌旆悠揚之色。有神明而不能沉壯者,如王夷甫、衛叔寶諸人,握麈談道,望若神仙,而不可以涉山川、冒險難。此所謂『英』、『雄』之分也,以樂府古詩論之,曹孟德雄而不英,曹子桓英而不雄,而子建獨兼之。以唐詩言之,則高達夫雄而不英,李頎英而不雄,王右丞則英中之雄,王龍標則雄中之英,而子美獨兼之」云云。此則雲間諸子與前後七子分界處:前後七子卓犖為杰,偏於陽剛者也;雲間諸子頗欲濟以陰柔,而求紆徐為妍矣。

            卷十八〈彷彿行‧序〉云:「余少聞小青之事,傷其哀麗。今年秋,同郡好事者為青作傳奇。昔之所哭,今已為歌。」(陳雲伯《碧城仙館詩鈔》卷三〈小青曲〉:「情天小刼罡風起,片片飛花紅兼水……如此蛾眉寂可憐,西泠芳草葬嬋娟。姻緣領略人間世,莫乞他生並蒂蓮。」)

            卷二十五〈答方密之書〉:「弟聞之作詩家云:『老過則穉,高過則混。』我兄之詩,既到峯極,固當急持其後,不可使轉墮一境。」

            卷三十六〈與方密之書〉:「天上人欲與井中人共語,不獨當借之羽毛,且須惠其綆縻。而弟之窮頓困鬱,雖有垂天之羽,無所附其身,千丈之綆,不能接其體。惟呼其近井者時一語之。」

            〈報顧偉南書〉:「乃占占持敝帚補縫掖,跼促車馬間。或問其鄉里姓氏,則曰:此待兩年後鄉貢試諸生李雯者也。」

            《後集》卷一〈東門行寄陳氏〉:「與君為兄弟,各各相分携」;「聞君誓天,余愧無顏」;「知君未忍相決絕,呼天叩地明所懷。」附〈書〉云:「三年契濶,千秋變常。失身以來,不敢復通書札者,知大義已絕於君子也。然而側身思念,心緒百端,語及良朋,淚如波湧。側聞故人頗多眷舊之言,欲訴鄙懷,難於尺幅,遂伸意斯篇,用代自序。三春心泪,亦盡於斯」云云,蓋寄臥子也。方爾止《嵞山詩》卷一〈雲間五子詩〉自註:「刪李雯一首。」則舒章之不齒於南中故舊,可想見矣。

            卷一〈述憫〉云:「難忘故國思,已食新君餌。」

            卷二〈暮秋自遣〉云:「難說昇天引自注:余嘗云生今之世,惟有白日飛昇乃佳,何堪據地歌。」

            卷三〈憶轅文〉云:「衣冠無語安殊俗,顏面多慚識俊賢。」

        〈憶大樽〉云:「斷髮久辭飛雀鏡,名山負爾薜蘿裙。」(按同卷〈甲申夏日寫懷〉云:「短髮常教明鏡遠」,卷五〈答髮責文〉皆可參觀。)



二百十五[18]



            馬世俊甸臣《匡菴詩前集》六卷、《詩集》六卷。往在《隨園詩話》、《茶餘客話》卷十六(王錫祺刻二十二卷本)中覩章民未第時軼事。《晚晴簃詩滙》卷三十一記其「工書畫,有『二右』之目,謂右軍、右丞也」。詩纖滑無足觀。錄其流逸而尚不率者三律:

            《前集》卷一:「甫聽鸎語媚春華,秭鴂先鳴起怨嗟[19]。石望夫歸山望子,魂為鳥去血為花。高枝倦羽驚難宿,獨枕懷人感越加。燈火未消還起坐,一鈎殘月藥欄斜。〈夜聞子規〉」按第四句前人多有此意。[唐徐凝〈翫花〉云:「誰為蜀王身作鳥,自啼還自有花開。」唐楊行敏〈失題〉:「杜鵑花裏杜鵑啼,淺紫深紅更傍谿。」《海錄碎事》卷二十二引張承吉句云:「杜鵑花發杜鵑叫,烏臼樹生烏臼啼。」晏叔原〈鷓鴣天〉云:「陌上濛濛殘絮飛,杜鵑花裏杜鵑啼。」(《歷代詩餘》卷二十七)《列朝詩集》丁八載王百穀〈哭袁相公〉云:「山上杜鵑花是鳥,墓前翁仲石為人。」魏憲《詩持二集》卷四載盧士厚〈寄諷魏惟度〉云:「淚既可花亦可鳥。」魏氏評云:「比杜鵑也。」呂晚村《東莊詩集‧夢覺集‧遊慈相寺》:「最是客游難久住,杜鵑落過杜鵑啼。」卓爾堪《明末四百家遺民詩》卷五劉城〈杜宇〉:「血染花成色,魂依鳥作音。」《晚晴簃詩滙》卷四十一陸葇〈南安早發〉:「最是斷腸聽不得,杜鵑花裏鷓鴣聲。」屈大均《翁山詩外》卷十四〈杜鵑花‧之二〉:「上作啼鵑下作花。」又見第六十七則宋湘〈荊山守風〉。蔣心餘《忠雅堂詩集》卷二〈過金山‧之二〉:「日午魚龍呼不起,郭公墳上郭公嗁。」宋芷灣《滇蹄集》卷二〈杜鵑花盛開作歌〉:「舉頭看杜鵑,低頭聽杜鵑。」參觀第六十七則。至倪象占韭山〈清明卜算子〉云:「紅笑紅啼兩不分,是杜鵑開也。」(《賭棋山莊詞話》卷七)更參以李義山〈早起〉之「鶯花啼又笑,畢竟是誰春?」南唐成彥雄〈杜鵑花〉:「杜鵑花與鳥,怨艷兩何賒。疑是口中血,滴成枝上花」,又〈槿花〉之「殷鮮一相雜,啼笑兩難分」兩詩語意。特過前人矣。]第三句頗能烘託取神。

            卷二:「石城三月百花開,修禊何人共舉杯。水落淮橋魚欲上,春明江閣燕初來。漸聞地著耕傭減,愁遇天驕獵騎迴。柳市桃津看未足,鄉心一片更徘徊。〈石門即事〉

            《詩集》卷一:「百丈游塵隱日華,幾年彈鋏賦無家。朝臨青李時題壁,午飯黃秔帶煮沙。客至但供春夜韭,我歸應及故侯瓜。鄒陽漫道能吹律,一半園林未著花。〈燕邱書懷〉第一首





[1]《手稿集》311-2 頁。
[2]《手稿集》312 頁。
[3] “On Contradiction”: “Contradiction exists in [the process of development of] all things.”(〈矛盾論〉:「矛盾存在於一切事物[的發展過程]之中。」)
[4]《手稿集》312-6 頁。
[5]《手稿集》313 頁行間重引 Swift 此節。
[6]15」原作「25」。
[7]Henkelkuss」原作「Hendelkuss」。
[8] 原文作「a long-browed maid」,J.M. Edmonds 譯註謂long-browed」希臘原文意指with meeting eyebrows
[9] 此處字跡漫漶不辨。
[10]「猵狙以為雌」原作「猵狙以為狙」。
[11]「惚れた目には痘痕も靨。」
[12] 即下文,見《手稿集》318 頁眉。
[13] 此見《手稿集》313 頁行間,下文脫落。
[14]bade」原作「bad」。
[15]pippin」當為蘋果(特指青黃而泛紅者),而非蘋婆果(sterculia)。
[16] 阿普列烏斯《變形記》原文:“Accepturus indicivae nomine ab ipsa Venere septem savia suavia et unum blandientis appulsu linguae longe mellitum.”
[17]《手稿集》316-8 頁。
[18]《手稿集》318-9 頁。
[19]「鳺」原作「[是夬]」。